Life-cycle analysis and the ecology of biofuels.

Biofuels and Sustainable Transport: A Conceptual Discussion

Strategies for sustainably using biofuels must be thoroughly assessed at several levels. First, the use of biofuels must comply with sustainable development’s main dimensions. Second, the use of biofuels must comply with sustainable transport’s main dimensions. Third, gains from using biofuels strategies must compare favorably to gains from other sustainable transport strategies, such as alteri...

Nitrogen use efficiency and life cycle of nodules in alfalfa after different mineral fertilization and soil cultivation

Nitrogen use efficiency and life cycle of root nodules in alfalfa after different mineral fertilization and soil cultivation practices were studied. Field trial was conducted in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria on leached chernozem subsoil type and no irrigation. The next treatments were tested: i) for fertilization as follows: N0P0K0 (control); N60P100K80 (an accepted technology...

Uncertainty Analysis of the Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Renewability of Biofuels

Determination of Optimum Insulation Thickness for Building Walls in Iran Using Life Cycle Cost Analysis

Air-Conditioning (AC) systems are responsible for a considerable portion of the energy consumption in buildings located in high cooling load requiring regions of Iran. In addition, the heat flow through the buildingschr('39') external walls plays a major role in cooling load estimations for the countrychr('39')s hot regions. Therefore, application of insulation materials in external walls has g...

Design of Sustainable Product Systems and Supply Chains with Life Cycle Optimization Based on Functional Unit: General Modeling Framework, Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming Algorithms and Case Study on Hydrocarbon Biofuels

We propose a life cycle optimization framework for the design of sustainable product systems and supply chains considering the concept of “functional unit” under economic and environmental criteria. This general modeling framework integrates the life cycle analysis methodology with multiobjective optimization and measures both the economic and environmental performances based on a standard quan...